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train.py
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train.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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训练与对比实验模块
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功能：
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1. 单模型训练与评估
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2. 模型对比实验（LR vs MLP）
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3. 向量化对比实验（BoW vs TF-IDF）
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4. 超参数对比实验
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"""
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import numpy as np
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import time
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from datetime import datetime
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from model_numpy import create_model
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from dataset import load_data
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from config import *
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def train_single_model(X_train, y_train, X_test, y_test,
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model_type, vectorizer_type, epochs, batch_size, lr, hidden_size):
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"""
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训练单个模型并返回结果
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"""
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print(f"\n{'='*60}")
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print(f"训练配置:")
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print(f" 模型: {model_type.upper()}")
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print(f" 向量: {vectorizer_type.upper()}")
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print(f" 学习率: {lr}")
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if model_type == 'mlp':
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print(f" 隐藏层大小: {hidden_size}")
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print(f" 训练轮数: {epochs}")
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print(f"{'='*60}")
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# 重新加载数据（确保向量化方式正确）
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X_tr, y_tr, X_te, y_te, _ = load_data(
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DATA_DIR, MAX_FEATURES, MAX_SEQ_LEN, vectorizer_type
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)
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# 计算类别权重（解决数据不平衡问题）
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pos_count = sum(y_tr)
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neg_count = len(y_tr) - pos_count
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n_samples = len(y_tr)
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n_classes = 2
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if USE_CLASS_WEIGHT:
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# 权重 = n_samples / (n_classes * n_class_i)
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# 负面样本少，权重更大
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weight_pos = n_samples / (n_classes * pos_count)
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weight_neg = n_samples / (n_classes * neg_count)
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class_weight = {0: weight_neg, 1: weight_pos}
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print(f" 类别权重: 正面={weight_pos:.2f}, 负面={weight_neg:.2f}")
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else:
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class_weight = None
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print(f" 类别权重: 不使用")
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# 创建模型
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model = create_model(
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model_type=model_type,
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input_size=X_tr.shape[1],
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hidden_size=hidden_size,
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num_classes=NUM_CLASSES,
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learning_rate=lr,
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keep_prob=KEEP_PROB,
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class_weight=class_weight
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)
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# 训练
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start_time = time.time()
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model.fit(X_tr, y_tr, X_te, y_te, epochs=epochs, batch_size=batch_size, verbose=True)
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train_time = time.time() - start_time
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# 最终评估
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train_acc = model.accuracy(X_tr, y_tr)
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test_acc = model.accuracy(X_te, y_te)
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print(f"\n最终结果:")
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print(f" 训练准确率: {train_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" 测试准确率: {test_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" 训练时间: {train_time:.2f}秒")
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# 保存模型权重
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# 生成模型文件名（包含配置标识和时间戳）
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weight_suffix = "weighted" if USE_CLASS_WEIGHT else "noweight"
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timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%m%d_%H%M%S")
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model_path = f"model_{model_type}_{vectorizer_type}_{weight_suffix}_{timestamp}"
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model.save(model_path)
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print(f" 权重文件: {model_path}_*.npy")
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return {
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'model_type': model_type,
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'vectorizer_type': vectorizer_type,
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'train_acc': train_acc,
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'test_acc': test_acc,
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'train_time': train_time,
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'lr': lr,
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'hidden_size': hidden_size
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}
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def run_comparison_experiments():
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"""
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运行对比实验
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实验设计：
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1. 不同向量化方法的效果对比 (BoW vs TF-IDF)
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2. 不同模型的效果对比 (LR vs MLP)
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3. 超参数对比 (学习率, 隐藏层大小)
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"""
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print("\n" + "=" * 70)
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print("文本分类对比实验")
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print("=" * 70)
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results = []
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# ===== 实验1: 向量化方法对比 (固定模型=LR) =====
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print("\n\n" + "▶ " * 20)
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print("实验1: 向量化方法对比 (模型=LR, 学习率=0.05)")
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print("▶ " * 20)
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for vec_type in COMPARE_VECTORS:
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result = train_single_model(
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None, None, None, None,
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model_type='lr',
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vectorizer_type=vec_type,
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epochs=50,
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batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
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lr=0.05,
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hidden_size=HIDDEN_SIZE
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)
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results.append(result)
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# ===== 实验2: 模型复杂度对比 (固定向量=TF-IDF) =====
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print("\n\n" + "▶ " * 20)
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print("实验2: 模型复杂度对比 (向量=TF-IDF)")
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print("▶ " * 20)
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for model_type in COMPARE_MODELS:
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result = train_single_model(
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None, None, None, None,
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model_type=model_type,
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vectorizer_type='tfidf',
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epochs=50,
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batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
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lr=LEARNING_RATE,
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hidden_size=HIDDEN_SIZE
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)
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results.append(result)
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# ===== 实验3: 学习率对比 (MLP) =====
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print("\n\n" + "▶ " * 20)
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print("实验3: 学习率对比 (模型=MLP, 向量=TF-IDF)")
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print("▶ " * 20)
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for lr in [0.01, 0.1]:
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result = train_single_model(
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None, None, None, None,
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model_type='mlp',
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vectorizer_type='tfidf',
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epochs=50,
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batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
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lr=lr,
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hidden_size=64
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)
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results.append(result)
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# ===== 实验4: 隐藏层大小对比 (MLP) =====
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print("\n\n" + "▶ " * 20)
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print("实验4: 隐藏层大小对比 (模型=MLP, 向量=TF-IDF)")
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print("▶ " * 20)
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for hidden_size in [32, 128]:
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result = train_single_model(
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None, None, None, None,
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model_type='mlp',
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vectorizer_type='tfidf',
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epochs=50,
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batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
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lr=LEARNING_RATE,
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hidden_size=hidden_size
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)
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results.append(result)
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# ===== 汇总报告 =====
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print("\n\n" + "=" * 70)
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print("实验结果汇总")
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print("=" * 70)
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print(f"\n{'配置':<40} {'训练准确率':<12} {'测试准确率':<12} {'训练时间(秒)':<10}")
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print("-" * 76)
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for r in results:
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config = f"{r['model_type'].upper()} + {r['vectorizer_type'].upper()}"
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if r['lr'] != LEARNING_RATE:
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config += f", lr={r['lr']}"
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if r['hidden_size'] != HIDDEN_SIZE:
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config += f", h={r['hidden_size']}"
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print(f"{config:<40} {r['train_acc']:<12.4f} {r['test_acc']:<12.4f} {r['train_time']:<10.2f}")
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# 分析
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print("\n" + "=" * 70)
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print("结果分析")
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print("=" * 70)
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# 找出最佳配置
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best = max(results, key=lambda x: x['test_acc'])
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print(f"\n最佳测试准确率: {best['test_acc']:.4f}")
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print(f"最佳配置: {best['model_type'].upper()} + {best['vectorizer_type'].upper()}")
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# BoW vs TF-IDF 分析
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bow_results = [r for r in results if r['vectorizer_type'] == 'bow' and r['model_type'] == 'lr']
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tfidf_results = [r for r in results if r['vectorizer_type'] == 'tfidf' and r['model_type'] == 'lr']
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if bow_results and tfidf_results:
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bow_acc = bow_results[0]['test_acc']
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tfidf_acc = tfidf_results[0]['test_acc']
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print(f"\n向量化方法影响:")
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print(f" BoW测试准确率: {bow_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" TF-IDF测试准确率: {tfidf_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" 差异: {abs(tfidf_acc - bow_acc):.4f} ({'TF-IDF更优' if tfidf_acc > bow_acc else 'BoW更优'})")
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# LR vs MLP 分析
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lr_results = [r for r in results if r['model_type'] == 'lr' and r['vectorizer_type'] == 'tfidf']
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mlp_results = [r for r in results if r['model_type'] == 'mlp' and r['vectorizer_type'] == 'tfidf']
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if lr_results and mlp_results:
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lr_acc = lr_results[0]['test_acc']
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mlp_acc = mlp_results[0]['test_acc']
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print(f"\n模型复杂度影响:")
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print(f" LR测试准确率: {lr_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" MLP测试准确率: {mlp_acc:.4f}")
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print(f" 差异: {abs(mlp_acc - lr_acc):.4f} ({'MLP更优' if mlp_acc > lr_acc else 'LR更优'})")
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return results
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def main():
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"""主函数"""
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print("=" * 70)
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print("文本分类实验 - 纯NumPy实现")
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print("数据集: ChnSentiCorp (中文酒店评论)")
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print("=" * 70)
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if RUN_COMPARISON:
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# 运行对比实验
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run_comparison_experiments()
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else:
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# 运行单个模型
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train_single_model(
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None, None, None, None,
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model_type=MODEL_TYPE,
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vectorizer_type=VECTORIZER_TYPE,
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epochs=NUM_EPOCHS,
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batch_size=BATCH_SIZE,
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lr=LEARNING_RATE,
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hidden_size=HIDDEN_SIZE
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)
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print("\n" + "=" * 70)
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print("实验完成!")
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print("=" * 70)
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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